A Cuban migrant held in solitary confinement at an immigration detention facility in Texas died after guards held him down and he stopped breathing, according to an autopsy report released Wednesday that ruled the death a homicide.
Geraldo Lunas Campos died Jan. 3 following an altercation with guards. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) originally said the 55-year-old father of four was attempting suicide and the staff tried to save him.
But a witness told The Associated Press last week that Lunas Campos was handcuffed as at least five guards held him down and one put an arm around his neck and squeezed until he was unconscious.
At least 30 people died in ICE custody last year, the highest level in two decades, agency figures show. In the first 10 days of 2026, four immigrants, including Lunas Campos, died while in federal immigration custody.
Lunas Campos’s death was the third in less than two months at Camp East Montana, a sprawling tent facility in the desert on the grounds of Fort Bliss, an army base near El Paso.
Rep. Veronica Escobar, a Democrat whose district includes El Paso, called on Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretary Kristi Noem and acting ICE director Todd M. Lyons to brief Congress about the recent deaths.
“DHS must preserve all evidence — including halting their effort to deport the witnesses,” Escobar said Wednesday. “I reiterate my call for Camp East Montana to be shut down and for the contract with the corporation running it to be terminated.”
Asphxyia cause of death, medical examiner says
The autopsy report by the El Paso County Medical Examiner’s Office found Lunas Campos’s body showed signs of a struggle, including abrasions on his chest and knees. He also had hemorrhages on his neck.
The deputy medical examiner, Dr. Adam Gonzalez, determined the cause of death was asphyxia due to neck and torso compression.
The report said witnesses saw Lunas Campos “become unresponsive while being physically restrained by law enforcement.”
It did not elaborate on what happened during the struggle but cited evidence of injuries to his neck, head and torso associated with physical restraint. The report also noted the presence of petechial hemorrhages — tiny blood spots from burst capillaries that can be associated with intense strain or injury — in the eyelids and skin of the neck.
Dr. Victor Weedn, a forensic pathologist who reviewed the autopsy report for AP, said the presence of petechiae in the eyes support the conclusion that asphyxia caused the death. Those injuries suggest pressure on the body and are often associated with such deaths, he said.
He said the contusions on Lunas Campos’s body may reflect physical restraint and the neck injuries were consistent with a hand or knee on the neck.
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Government provided changing accounts
ICE’s initial account of the death, which included no mention of an altercation with guards, said Lunas Campos had become disruptive and staff moved him into a cellblock where detainees are held away from others.
“While in segregation, staff observed him in distress and contacted on-site medical personnel for assistance,” the agency said in its Jan. 9 statement. “Medical staff responded, initiated lifesaving measures, and requested emergency medical services.”
Lunas Campos was pronounced dead after paramedics arrived.
The autopsy made no mention of a suicide atempt.
It was not immediately clear whether the guards present when Lunas Campos died were government employees or those of a private contractor.
Last Thursday, after Lunas Campos’s family was first informed the death was likely to be ruled a homicide, DHS spokesperson Tricia McLaughlin amended the government’s account, saying he had attempted suicide and guards tried to help him.
“Campos violently resisted the security staff and continued to attempt to take his life,” she said. “During the ensuing struggle, Campos stopped breathing and lost consciousness.”
A final determination of homicide by the medical examiner would typically be critical in determining whether any guards are held criminally or civilly liable. The fact that Lunas Campos died on an army base could limit state and local officials’ legal jurisdiction to investigate.
The AP reported in August that the $1.2 billion US contract to build and operate Camp East Montana, expected to become the largest detention facility in the U.S., was awarded to a private contractor headquartered in a single-family home in Richmond, Va. The company, Acquisition Logistics LLC, had no prior experience running a corrections facility and has subcontracted with other companies to help operate the camp.
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ICE previously announced that on Dec. 3, 2025, an immigrant from Guatemala held in Camp East Montana died after being transferred to a El Paso hospital for care. The agency said Francisco Gaspar-Andres, 48, was suspected to have died of liver and kidney failure.
On Sunday, ICE announced that Victor Manuel Diaz, a 36-year-old immigrant from Nicaragua, died at Camp East Montana on Jan. 14 of a “presumed suicide.” The agency said Diaz was detained by ICE earlier this month in an immigration operation in Minneapolis.
Flagged for deportation after convictions
Lunas Campos was among the first detainees sent to Camp Montana East, arriving in September after ICE arrested him in Rochester, N.Y., where he lived for more than two decades. He was legally admitted to the U.S. in 1996, part of a wave of Cuban immigrants seeking to reach Florida by boat.
ICE said he was picked up in July as part of a planned immigration enforcement operation due to criminal convictions that made him eligible for removal.
New York court records show Lunas Campos was convicted in 2003 of sexual contact with a person under 11, a felony for which he was sentenced to one year in jail and placed on the state’s sex offender registry.
Lunas Campos was also sentenced to five years in prison and three years of supervision in 2009 after being convicted of attempting to sell a controlled substance, according to the New York corrections records. He completed the sentence in January 2017.
After the final autopsy report was released Wednesday, McLaughlin from DHS issued a statement emphasizing that Lunas Campos was “a criminal illegal alien and convicted child sex predator.”
DHS has not responded to questions about whether any outside law enforcement agency was also investigating.
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